International Journal of Medical Science And Diagnosis Research

Distribution of ANA Pattern and Autoantibody Profile in Various Autoimmune Disorders -A Tertiary Care Centre Experience.

2021-09-03T17:19:25+00:00

Background: Type of antibodies produced by an individual in response to any autoimmune disorder varies from person to person and from place to place depending upon the immune status of the patient .

Aims & objectives:

To describe the fluorescence pattern of ANA by indirect immunofluorescent assay in patients with autoimmune diseases and compare it with their ANA profile.

Material & Methods:

In this retrospective study (January 2018 to December 2020) we reviewed the case records of 96 patients with different autoimmune diseases. Their demographic details like age, gender, family history, presenting symptoms were tabulated. We compared their respective ANA test reports (Pattern and profile)

Results: Data of 96 patients (20 male and 76 females) was analyzed. The age range of the study cohort was 10- 77 years , mean age was 39.53 .There were 23(23.9%) patients with SLE, 34(35.4%) with MCTD . 6 (6.2%) Sjogren's syndrome. Glomerulonephritis was present in 7(7.2%) patients and Rheumatoid arthritis in 4 (4.1%) . All study participants had ANA positive and ANA pattern was seen as homogenous in 34(35.4%), speckled 45(46%), nuclear pattern was seen in 33(34.9%) . LIA was found to be significantly positive in sjogren's disease while in SLE only 22 patients had positive LIA. None of our Rheumatoid arthritis patients had positive LIA

Conclusion: We conclude that it is better to restrict performing line immunoassays as these are expensive and use ANA-IIF fluorescent patterns to predict presence of autoantibodies to diagnose an autoimmune disease.

The Evaluation of the Effect of Topical Fluoride on the Micro Hardness of Various Restorative Materials- an in Vitro Study

2021-09-12T09:04:58+00:00

Introduction: Dental caries considered to be a multifactorial disease requires meticulous management and prevention. For prevention the most successful and commonly used agent is fluoride and if applied topically by means of APF gel it has a success rate of around 60%.

Aims and objectives: To evaluate and compare the micro hardness of the restorative materials after the application of APF gel. To evaluate the effect of topical fluoride on the micro hardness of various restorative materials using universal testing machine as well as to compare the micro hardness of the restorative materials after the application of APF gel.

Materials and methods: 80 standardized restorative pellets made with various restorative materials constituted the sample size for the evaluation of micro hardness with and without the application of APF gel on the prepared restorative pellets. The prepared 80 molds were equally distributed for the preparation of 20 restorative pellets of four restorative materials each (viz.) Glass Ionomer Cement, Zirconomer, Amalgomer, Cention-N. Out of 20 samples prepared 10 samples were considered as control, which were tested without the application of APF gel. While 10 samples were taken as experimental, which were conditioned with APF gel before the test.

Results: The result of the microhardness test after the application of fluoride gel showed that the highest microhardess was shown by Group III Amalgomer CR with mean 52.62 ± 0.65. The other materials in the order of decreasing hardness were Group IV Cention N 50.52 ± 0.69, Group II Zirconomer 46.80 ± 0.68 and least for Group I conventional Gic 43.38 ± 0.53. The percentage reduction of micro hardness after application of APF gel was recorded highest in GIC type IX followed by Amalgomer CR, Cention N and Zirconomer. Zirconomer has the least percentage reduction of micro hardness after application of APF gel amongst all the restorative materials.

Keywords: APF gel, Amalgomer CR, Cention N, micro hardness, topical fluoride, Zirconomer.

Aesthetic Rehabilitation of Anterior Incisor: Post and core treatment –A Case Report

2021-09-12T09:04:56+00:00

This case report describes the post and core treatment of a maxillary central incisor. An 18-year-old female patient reported to the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics with the chief complaint of pain in upper front tooth region. On clinical examination, there was Ellis class III fracture resulting in loss of significant tooth structure necessitating post and core treatment. Treatment was initiated with removal of carious region, canal was located, working length was established followed by chemo mechanical preparation and obturation. Post space preparation was done in the canal followed by post cementation and core build up.

Keywords: Post, core, ceramic, crown lengthening.

Correlation of Lead Exposure on Calcium Metabolism, Vitamin D3 in Battery Manufacturing Workers

2021-09-12T09:04:53+00:00

Background: Chronic lead exposure from the lead-acid–battery manufacturing process has been linked to a variety of health effects, including dental health, cardiovascular disease risk, Matrix–gamma– carboxy glutamic acid protein (MGP) polymorphism, oxidative stress, immunological, genotoxicity, reproductive, neuropsychological, and pteridine metabolism with neurotransmitters synthesized.

Aim of the Work: effects of lead exposure on calcium metabolism in battery workers.

Subjects and Methods: The present study will be conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College and research center, Indore. A total of 100 lead exposed battery workers and 100 aged (20-60 yr) matched non lead exposed controls. Blood sample was withdrawn from the anticubital vein and centrifuged to obtain serum after that serum was quantitatively analyzed for lead level, calcium, phosphorous and vitamin D3.

Result and Conclusion: In lead-exposed battery workers, correlation analysis revealed a strong negative connection between blood lead levels and serum vitamin D levels. Similarly, serum calcium levels were found to be inversely linked with blood lead levels.

Keywords: Battery workers, Lead

Psychotic Features as Initial Presentation of Intracranial Epidermoid of Suprasellar Origin

2021-09-20T08:40:01+00:00

Intracranial epidermoids are rare congenital lesions which account for around 1% of all intracranial tumors. They present most commonly in cerebello-pontine angle followed by suprasellar region, along with different intracranial areas. The most common presentation includes headache, cranial nerve deficiets, seizures, raised intracranial pressure. It is extremely uncommon for epidermoid tumors to present with psychiatric symptoms. We present a case of 38 year old female with history of psychosis for 2 years with personality change, disorganised behavior and delusions. An episode of increased sedation and semi-consciousness led to neuroimaging which revealed a large epidermoid tumor of suprasellar region and interpeduncular region. Surgical resection of the epidermoid was done and patient was maintained on drug treatment.

Keywords: Epidermoid tumour, Psychosis

Investigating Maternal Mortality of the Year 2019 at Bay Regional Hospital in Baidoa

2021-09-20T08:46:41+00:00

Background: Maternal mortality (MM) has been described as a critical problem of global dimension. In 2017 alone, according to a report by the World Health Organization in collaboration with its partners (WHO et al. 2019), MM is estimated to have claimed the lives of 295,000 women worldwide. Considering this concern, the University of Southern Somalia’s faculty and students from the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and a faculty member from the Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences & Humanities of the USS, in association with Hakaba Institute for Research & Training, Baidoa, SWSS, carried out this study to highlight the causes of MM in Baidoa City. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the extent at which cases of MM occur and the causes inherent to it by focusing on incidents at Bay Regional Hospital (BRH) in Baidoa city, SWSS, in the year 2019.

Methods: The study benefits from quantitative case study method by utilizing observation of data available in the archives of Bay Regional Hospital. Analyzing frequencies of occurrences of MM and their causes, the study uses 4 tables to demonstrate the comparisons of the incidents and causes of death from January to December 2019.

Results: A total number of 1950 pregnant women visited the hospital; 883 were consulted, treated and returned home; 1049 underwent safe delivery; while 18 women died in the process of childbirth.

Conclusion: MM poses a great threat to expecting mothers in Baidoa as they are exposed to the risk of dying from obstetric complications linked to numerous direct and indirect causes. Eclampsia, PPH/APH and numerous types of infections have been identified to be among the direct and indirect causes, although many of them are classified as preventable, treatable, or manageable in nature.

Keywords: Baidoa, childbirth, healthcare, maternal mortality, research, South-West State of Somalia