A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ALTERATIONS OF LIPID PROFILE AMONG SMOKERS AND NON SMOKERS

Abstract

Smoking is one of the important etiological and independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. Increased carbon monoxide in the blood may damage the endothelium this accelerate the entry of cholesterol into the wall of the artery, carboxyhemoglobin which will be formed creates relative anoxemia in the tissue, including the myocardium and smoking enhances platelets aggregation. The study subjects were divided into 2 groups i.e. Group-I (Smokers, n=50) and Group-II (Controls, n=50). Both cases and controls were in age group of 18 to 55 years. Serum lipid profile was analyzed in all the subjects using the end-point method by Mindray - BS-380 autoanalyzer. The present study shown statistically significant decreased serum levels of  High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) in group-I compared with group-II. The increase of serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG) and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels in group-I when compared with group-II. And this increase leads to the dyslipidemia. Smoking causes various complications including, Cardiovascular- Ischemic Heart Disease. Respiratory-COPD, Asthma, Pneumonia. Others- Cataracts, Periodontitis, Low bone density, Hip fractures. Reproduction- Fetal death, Stillbirths, Delay conception. Cancer - Oropharynx ,Laryngeal, Esophageal, Lung, Cervical, Kidney, Bladder, Leukemia, Pancreatic, Stomach. The alteration of lipid profile in tobacco smokers have raised serious medical concern with respect to atherogenic risk and recommendation for counseling the tobacco smokers to quit tobacco smoking and routine evaluation of serum lipid profile is suggested.

Keywords: Tobacco Smoking, Lipid Profile, Dyslipidemia, Ischemic Heart Disease.